Epicureans and Stoics-LHP 4-5. Weiner 6, 12. Rec: FL 7-8. HWT 6-8. Select midterm report presentation topic & date: indicate your 1st and 2d choices for date and topic in the comments space below Midterm Report Presentations...
2. How is the modern meaning of "epicurean" different from Epicurus's? Do you consider yourself epicurean in either sense of the term?
3. What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
4. How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
6. Why did Cicero think we shouldn't worry about dying? Is his approach less or more worrisome than the Epicureans'?
7. Why didn't Seneca consider life too short? Do you think you make efficient use of your time? How do you think you could do better?
- What was Kepos? What did Voltaire say we should cultivate? What do you think that means, philosophically?
- What inscription greeted visitors to Epicurus's compound? And Plato's Academy? Which would you personally find more inviting?
- Whose side in School of Athens was Epicurus on, and why? Do you agree?
- What is tetrapharmakos, and how might it help you distinguish Epicurus from Epictetus?
- Every life is what, according to Epicurus? Do you agree that this is grounds for celebration?
- Which American founding father declared "I too am an Epicurean"?
- What does Eric think happens if you follow the "good enough" creed?
- A common Stoic exhortation is... ? What is its core teaching? Do you think this is too passive?
- What did Diogenes learn from philosophy?
- What does it mean to say Stoics are not Spock?
- What did Epictetus have in common with Socrates?
- What is premeditatio malorum? Do you agree with Eric's daughter's assessment of it? Or with his, of her?
- What's "the View from Above"? Does it help you put events in your life in a better perspective?
- Have you experienced the death of someone close to you? How did you handle it?
- Do you care about the lives of those who will survive you, after you've died? Is their continued existence an alternate (and possibly better) way of thinking about the concept of an "afterlife"?
- Do you consider Epicurus's disbelief in immortal souls a solution to the problem of dying, or an evasion of it? Do you find the thought of ultimate mortality consoling or mortifying?
- How do you know, or decide, which things you can change and which you can't?
- Were the Stoics right to say we can always control our attitude towards events, even if we can't control events themselves?
- Is it easier for you not to get "worked up" about small things you can't change (like the weather, or bad drivers) or large things (like presidential malfeasance and terrorist atrocites)? Should you be equally calm in the face of both?
- Is it possible to live like a Stoic without becoming cold, heartless, and inhumane?
- What do you think of when you hear the word "therapy"? Do you think philosophers can be good therapists?
- Do you think "the greatest happiness of the greatest number" is an appropriate goal in life? Can it be effectively pursued by those who shun "any direct involvement in public life"?
- If the motion of atoms explains everything, can we be free?
- Is it true that your private thoughts can never be "enslaved"?
Epicureanism: The Original Party School
Permanent Link to this Comic: https://existentialcomics.com/comic/133
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Philosophers in this comic: Epictetus. In The Enchiridion Epictetus gives the advice that in order to avoid suffering, we should not become too attached to particular things, so that when they inevitably end we are not caused undue harm. He starts with the fairly straightforward example of a cup that we like breaking:
With regard to whatever objects give you delight, are useful, or are deeply loved, remember to tell yourself of what general nature they are, beginning from the most insignificant things. If, for example, you are fond of a specific ceramic cup, remind yourself that it is only ceramic cups in general of which you are fond. Then, if it breaks, you will not be disturbed.
He then proceeds immediately to what seems a quite more drastic example:
If you kiss your child, or your wife, say that you only kiss things which are human, and thus you will not be disturbed if either of them dies.
Some may find that living in such a way is strange, to say the least.
Permanent Link to this Comic: https://existentialcomics.com/comic/264
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Stoicism Man...The Next Great Stoic competition... Stoic apathy
Over the years I've made a few slideshows (see "Oliver's slideshows" in the sidebar). Here's one:
Tetrapharmakos
The etymology of “tetrapharmakos” is quite simple: “tetra” means “four” and “pharmakos” means “remedy” or “medicine.” They are both Greek words.
Originally, the term refers to a compound of four actual drugs: wax, tallow, pitch, and resin. Later, it’s used metaphorically by Philodemus, one of Epicurus’ disciples, to refer to the core principles of happiness in Epicureanism, since both of them function as a “cure” and are four in number.
Philodemus put together the tetrapharmakos from fragments of his master’s teachings, and summarized them into four points:
- Don’t fear God.
- Don’t worry about death.
- What is good is easy to get.
- What is terrible is easy to endure.
1. Epicurus argued the fear of death is based on bad logic, and individuals should seek a simple lifestyle in order to prevent disappointment. Personally, I do not fear death due to my religious beliefs. I know that the work I have done in this life will be worth it in the end, when I get to see the face of my Savior. It is natural to worry about losing others because we care about the people most important to us. However, I have learned to be content with whatever happens. Good can come out of even some of the worst situations.
ReplyDelete3. He believed death was not an event in our life; we are not there to experience it because we no longer exist. It is hard for me to comment on this because not many of us—if any of us—know what death is like. However, I do believe in a life after this one. So to me, death is just the beginning. Many of the philosophers we have studied so far derive their beliefs from a non-religious standpoint. As mentioned in the end of chapter four, these views do not necessarily resonate with those of a faith.
8. The cost of stoicism is the potential risk of becoming cold, heartless, and less sympathetic. I would not say it is impossible to purse this philosophy and have emotion. I do believe it would be very difficult to balance the two. They are somewhat conflicting. One thing that I always thought was strange was Socrates response to his wife when she “overreacted” at his execution. He dismissed her emotional response. Maybe Socrates lacked deep emotion and sympathy?
I have also wondered if these men struggled with pride? That their way of thinking was superior to others? Whether it was a direct belief or a subconscious thought.
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteEpicurus taught that the fear of death is based on bad logic and that the best way to live is simply, surrounded by friends. He believed fulfillment and satisfaction are not derived from material gain but instead a set of simple factors that are attainable via humble means.
I’m not sure “fear” is the best word to describe how I feel about death. If my life was put in danger I would be afraid, but the concept of death doesn’t frighten me. It’s inevitable and I’ve thought about nonexistence before birth and after death in the same way as Epicurus for a while now. I didn’t know that it was attributable to Epicurus until today though. The aspect of death that bothers me most isn’t remotely my own nonexistence. It’s the knowledge that myself, my wife, my children, my parents, my friends, Kanye West, my neighbors, anyone who exists now and will ever exist will eventually be a rotting corpse. What a bummer
But it's surely better to be a rotting corpse than to have been nothing more than an eternal non-entity.
Delete1. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
ReplyDeleteStoics believed people should only worry about the things they can change. In addition, stoics believed that we are in control of our emotions and how we react to unexpected events in our lives. They believed that we shouldn’t act on our emotions because they cloud our judgment. Oftentimes, people make very rash and spur-of-the-moment actions because they act on how they feel rather than acting on their thoughts. This can lead to regret and disappointment, which nobody wants to feel. I would say, personally, one of the most important things I do in my life is strive to be as stoic as possible. Seeing as people are easily moved emotionally, especially in modern times, I try to put thought into everything negative that occurs in my life. For example, this could mean trying to understand what mental state people might be in if they are rude to me, not reacting emotionally when people make questionable decisions when driving in front of me, and even controlling my emotions when weather conditions are not ideal. All of these situations allow me to expand my thought process and not make bad decisions that could backfire on me.
7. Why didn't Seneca consider life too short? Do you think you make efficient use of your time? How do you think you could do better?
Seneca believed that life wasn’t too short, but rather, we don’t use our time wisely. Many people in the past, present, and future generations don’t spend their time well enough and then complain as to why there is not enough time in the day. In the end, everyone experiences the same 24 hours, what matters is what you do with them. I think, personally, I use my time wisely but also allow myself moments to relax and do things I enjoy. With entertainment being at the touch of our fingertips, it can be very easy to let time slip away and get lost in the constant consumption of content. While consuming information is important, one needs to be able to spend the majority of their time creating and improving himself. With improvement being the backbone of human existence, having the ability to balance these two things is a very important concept. As far as improving my own time management, I will always have room to enhance this skill. Even if what I do is sloppy or short-lived, doing every single repetition with the best effort every single day greatly matters in the big picture of my own life.
3. What does the author say might be the cost of stoicism? Is it possible to be stoical but also appropriately compassionate, caring, sensitive to others' suffering, etc.?
The author says the cost of stoicism is becoming cold-hearted and pretty much emotionless. He believes this because stoicism is often seen to be a practice of little emotion with no human interaction and only work. I think this idea is completely ridiculous, as stoicism is simply the idea of controlling your emotions and not acting on instinct. This does not mean being completely void of all emotions, but rather, I would argue, it makes someone more akin and aligned with their mental state. Oftentimes being stoic is likened to self improvement and can greatly enhance your way of living. This practice could also mean treating others in a positive light as you are likely to react more optimistic in any negative situations that might arise. I think stoicism is a very good concept for everyone to learn, because it allows the individual to learn how to control their emotions when put into tough situations.
In regard to your first comment, I did not even consider being stoic as thinking about your emotions before you act. You make a great point that I completely ignored in my hate for the stoics. I am a firm believer of feeling everything that comes to you in life, because I see feelings as teachers, as well as the foundation of what make humans human in nature. I do agree with your points of trying to be stoical when it comes to handling your emotions in tough times, but I don't think you should completely ignore or suppress those emotions all together.
DeleteBased on Epictetus words, we find that to some degree stoicism is meant to be practiced in a way where you cast aside your emotions, not just mediate your reaction to them. I initially was of the same belief that you've written here and to some degree do believe that its a blend of your perspective and the book. However, in Epictetus works he speaks on even detaching yourself from your loved ones in such a way that you would not be moved by them passing. There's an element of pain in life that is meant to be experienced. It not only teaches us valuable lessons, but it helps us learn more about ourselves. Our body and mind reacts to things that we may not see, if you sense fear its important to dig deeper and see why you feel fear. The same goes for anger, joy and other emotions. By experiencing (not necessarily acting on) them, you learn more about your values and how you can live the most fulfilling life.
Delete1.) Epicurus basically says that our fear of death is based on us thinking that we can see what happens after it and that we go on even after we die. He said that the best way to live is to understand that what happens afterwards shouldn't worry us because we won't be here to know what happens, and that we should have the importance of what happens afterwards as much to being as much as what happened before we were born. I'm not particularly afraid of dying if I'm being honest. All I think about is what am I going to do this very moment and what will I do with the time I have because one day I will die. I want to use my time wisely. As for losing others, I am afraid of losing them more because losing them means I have to go on without them and only be left with the thoughts of them when they were alive.
ReplyDelete3.) The twentieth century philosopher that is mentioned is named Ludwig Wittgenstein. I agree only in that we won't experience death afterwards. We won't feel our body or even be here to see what happens afterwards, but I do think that we do experience what happens right before our death.
7.) Seneca thought that life was long enough to do everything you want in life depending on the choices you make. I use my time wisely enough to get done what I want, but I could use it better and look into things that can help me better when it comes to things later on down the line.
^ This is Jonathan Dopp ^
DeleteI do agree with you on the third question because it's said that the brain is alive for at least 7 minutes after the heart stops, so people have definitely experienced the moments right before they die.
DeleteAlso touching on question 3, I feel we don't have enough information to truly say what happens after death. Saying nothing happens is as much of a guess as saying something does happen. While the example in the book is that we don't worry about the millennia before our birth why then would we worry about after death, but how can we say that we didn't in some way experience time before our existence? Some cultures believe in reincarnation and some believe in being a part of an amalgamation of energies in the "universe."
Delete1.According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteHe states being scared of death is "a waste of time and based on a bad logic". Yes I was afraid of death and still am but do not fear it as it is the inevitable. I would say I am more afraid of losing friends and family members and going through that than my own death.
3.What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
Ludwig Wittgenstein believes that once we are dead we do not feel what happens to our body. I do agree that you will not feel the pain that you suffered from in your death or however it is you passed.
5.What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
The basic idea is that we should only worry about things that we can change. I do like the idea of this and would say that I am typically stoical in life
I think Epicurus also claimed that the fear of death was based on a presumption that it's an event you will experience rather than the lack of more experiences. It's a little more than just faulty logic, it's a belief that your death is controllable.
DeleteI am also more afraid of losing loved ones than dying.
DeleteLHP
ReplyDelete1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
He believed that death was based on bad logic as overcoming the fear of death would make your life more content which is why it is bad logic to continue on fretting over an issue like death that'll delay your happiness. I was at one point afraid of death as I would have nightmares of situations where I was dying and even had one where I was buried alive. Right now though, I am more afraid of losing love ones especially my younger siblings as it would definitely make me depress to see my younger brother whom is 16 years younger than me, die before I do. This is why I am less afraid of death and that is because I accept the fact that I would most likely die before my siblings and I am ok with that as I know that by then, I would have done a lot of things in my life to make it satisfactory.
3. What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
Ludwig Wittgenstein believed that death is not an event that we experience since we experience things before we die an not during or after. I agree because the moments before your death are th emost painful moments of your life and once you die, there really isn't anything to consider that death itself is painful or uncomfortable.
5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
The stoics believed that we are responsible for emotional responses and that we should remove them altogether. I would say sometimes as I do try to refrain from showing certain emotions because I would later feel embarrassed but most of the time I can be expressive when I need especially at home.
I think I agree with Epicurus. Why fear something that is going to happen no matter what? I think once you accept the fact that everyone passes away no matter what, it becomes less scary.
DeleteAre (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteI remember being as young as five or six and having panic attacks about what happens after death. I was born and raised in a Christian household, but I didn’t quite understand heaven and hell. I was terrified of becoming nothing. Not being conscious anymore and not being alive. I was terrified of death in the literal sense that I would no longer live. It wasn’t until I grew more into my faith and walked with Christ that I realized I was saved from death, and that it had no hold on me. I then struggled with the fear of dying and the pain it would cause. I am quite thankful for this fear, because if it wasn’t for the 1) guilt I felt and 2) fear of pain and eternal hell fire, I would have taken my life. I was terrified and would often have nightmares of dying in painful and horrific ways. Everytime I would take a nap in college I would have sleep paralysis of demons killing me, and I would feel everything. I was pretty much tormented in my own mind because of my fears. Again, the thing that saved me from these fears was Jesus and knowing that whatever He has planned for me is His perfect will. I know He will provide and protect me. If I die today, I know I will feel no pain, and that just means I get to wake up in a meadow and see my dead relatives sooner.
I would say I am no longer scared of my death or the fear of dying, but more about losing someone I love. I know God has touched most of my family and friends, so in the end they are saved as well, but that doesn’t make me feel any less scared. I worry every time my boyfriend or family members go on a trip across the country. I worry about their safety and well-being, even though I know they are saved. I love people a lot, so the thought of them one day not being there scares me a lot. I know I would survive and be okay eventually, but the thought of a loved one all of a sudden being gone is not a fun feeling.
Are you generally stoical in life?
ReplyDeleteHaha, absolutely not. I am the exact opposite of stoical. I feel everything very intensely, and maybe a little too much, and I like it that way. I agree with Warburton and his views on the cost of becoming stoical in life is too high. I think if we shut ourselves off from every bad emotion we feel and experience, eventually we will stop feeling all together (all the good and all the bad). This idea of not feeling anything about anything is not human in nature. Humans are innately expressional beings. Think of babies. I work in my church's nursery, and let me tell you, those babies are not stoical. They are VERY expressional, and will tell you when they are feeling happy, sad, hungry, or angry. Like babies, I think all humans are meant to be full of emotions and should always be able to feel those emotions. The only times I have been numb to everything in my life was when my depression was ruining my life. I don’t think humans can happily survive without emotions. Emotions are normal, and they shouldn’t be something we ignore or try to suppress. So, long story short, no, I am not even close to being stoical.
I like your response and I think the world needs people who feel all their emotions. I also think there are situations where doing what feels right in the moment is actually the wrong thing. While cliche, the order of donning oxygen masks in a depressurizing airplane is applicable here. Thinking emotionally, one might hurriedly affix their child's mask first and pass out before affixing their own, thus asphyxiating and unintentionally depriving their child of a parent.
DeleteThere's an aphorism that comes to mind: "The road to hell is paved with good intentions". I think it refers to a pattern of thinking that part of Stoicism provides a solution to. To me, Stoicism seems like Skepticism in that when practiced in it's extreme form it's a little ridiculous, but a healthy amount enriches and improves your life.
I relate to this a lot. In some ways I wish I was more stoical but if I followed the stoic life exactly would I even be human anymore, or at least living to the fullest? While emotions can absolutely cloud certain judgments, I don't think that's a bad thing like many like to say it is. That emotion is just a human response and I think can be very insightful about certain situations rather than something that should be discredited because it lacks logic. logic isn't everything!
DeleteI would also say I'm on the more opposite end of stoical.
DeleteAll, after you notice that someone has already answered a factual question about the text (for example, that the stoics thought fear of death was based on faulty logic), there's no need to post that same answer a second or fourth or tenth time. Just post your thoughts about the stoics' view, if you have any. If not, move on to a different question.
ReplyDeleteAccording to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteFear of death is based on misunderstanding what death is and how it's not an experience since we don’t experience death. People don't have anything to worry about death because it is something they will never experience. Epicurus wrote, “When we exist, death is not, and when death is, we do not exist.” He argued that the best way to experience life is through the small moments of peace and happiness you get during your lifetime. Despite this, I am afraid of losing the people I love because it's so permanent and sudden at times.
What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
Ludwig Wittgenstein shared a similar idea. He said,
“Death is not an event in life: we do not live to experience death.”
He said that fearing something we will never experience, like death, is dumb.
How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
Epicurus argued gods that gods wouldn't bother humans because they have no real reason to. And that was assuming they were even real to begin with. Hell shouldn't be feared because humans invented it to scare other people. Warburton presents this as a way to liberate people from religious fear. I completely agree with his view because gods wouldn't want to mess with people. They're supposedly perfect.
1. Epicurus said that the fear of death was a waste of time and based on bad logic. Death can be seen as worrying about everything instead of existing and living. He also believed that death makes living more intense. I understand that because it makes you appreciate and do what you can while you have time. I used to be afraid of dying but now I say it happens when it happens. Death reminds me to live and to love.
ReplyDelete2. Epicurus is ironic compared to the meaning behind to his name. Epicure is someone who loves to eat fine foods, indulge in luxury and sensual pleasures. On the other hand, Epicurus likes simple foods and has simple taste. Personal, I am a little bit of both. I do not like very complicated foods but the mixture of different foods can be nice. I am a very complex person with simple tastes and desires.
3. Seneca did not consider life too short because he thinks that people have a lot of time to do things but they have to dedicate their time to the things that matter. He says to live your life, make memories, and experience new things so will not have any regrets later. I think I am good at living my life. I started going out to experience life and create new memories and it has done me well.
4. The author says stoicism can reduce a person's physical/facial happiness. Some parts of stoicism say emotions cloud reasoning and damage judgment. So with the lack of emotions, a person may become cold, heartless, and less human. I think it is still possible to feel your emotions and control your attitude/only worry about the things that can be controlled.
All great responses!
DeleteYes, but partly redundant. Please read my comment above. And what is "facial happiness"?
DeleteThe stoic teachings remind me of the YouTube channel Unus Annus, whose premise was to post one video a day for one year, before deleting it all. The channel lives on in memories after its death, however, and still remains as one of the most creatively imaginative projects on YouTube. It provides this same stoic insight of pursuing opportunities with the time that you have rather than regretting the time you wish you had when you die.
ReplyDeleteI was a huge fan of Unus Annus. I can attest to its relevance in this reading for sure. The whole time I was so upset about the inevitable that I would try to hold on to video clips or things to watch later once it was all gone. But now that it's gone I never look at any of those things I saved. My memories of that time were so great and I love how you said it was like living life rather than waiting for when you regret.
DeleteI agree. Unus Annus was amazing while it lasted but I remember Markiplier saying in an interview that he wanted it to feel like losing a good friend when the channel was deleted. I think that that feeling is something we can relate to easily and just like actually losing somebody close to us, remember it for what it was and not what it is now.
DeleteSeneca didn't consider life too short as it's a misrepresentation of what it means to live a life fully. One could live for a thousand years and still complain that a life is too short. He said that living a life fully and well is within the realm of time for a human being; it's a choice to pursue those opportunities that are given to you, just as it's a choice to feel whatever way you want to feel about it.
ReplyDeleteThis is a great take on his interpretation! I agreed with his perception heavily. I like to use the term "life is too short" when hesitating to do something. Sometimes when once in a lifetime opportunities show up, you've got to take them, depending on the opportunities.
DeleteCaitlyn Williams comment.
DeleteI agree with your breakdown of Seneca's thoughts. We see this concept mirrored in potential in skill vs hard work. If someone does not take advantage of innate talent then they will never be as good as, let alone better than someone who puts the time to develop their skill.
Delete1.) According to Epicurus, the fear of death is based on bad logic because you've got the wrong perspective on how you live life. The best way to live would be to live a simple lifestyle, be kind to everyone, and surround yourself with friends. I would say that I am slightly afraid of dying but I know that it is natural for all people. I will say that I am very scared to losing others close to me more though.
ReplyDelete4.) Epicurus responded to the idea of divine punishment with the gods not really being concerned about what we did in our lives. Also, if you believe that most of things you are concerned about is just a part of being human, then you shouldn't worry about punishment. This hypothesis of the afterlife is something that I don't really worry about, because I live life in the best way possible.
6.) Cicero didn't think we should worry about dying because the soul lived forever and there are things that older people or people in general could do stimulate your mind and recognize that getting older does not need to be unbearable.
According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteEpicurus thought that the fear of death was based on "bad logic" meaning that it is a waste of time to dwell upon when you won't be here anymore. He believed that it distracted you from finding happiness in the present. He believed that the best way to live was to have a simple life where you don't chase after unattainable goals such as working yourself to death to buy something that is unnecessary. In addition, Epicurus advises you surround yourself with friends and treat others kindly that way you'll be able to fulfill your desires.
I honestly wouldn't say I'm afraid of death in the traditional sense. I'm not afraid of what comes after, I'm more afraid of dying alone. I want to leave the world knowing I got to say goodbye to those I love and cherish and would hate for them to find out any other way.
How is the modern meaning of "epicurean" different from Epicurus's? Do you consider yourself epicurean in either sense of the term?
The modern meaning of the term "epicurean" means someone who indulges in luxury while Epicurus believed that surrounding yourself in such desires would only fuel non-stop cravings for more which would lead to anguish. I definitely lean towards the Epicurus view, I value the simple things in life and I see no point in laboring away to enjoy something exotic. I'm perfectly okay with the normal life as long as it continues to make me happy.
How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
Epicurus dismissed this by teaching that the god's aren't involved in their creation and they are separate from us and won't disturb you. I don't think this is a particularly good teaching for those who do believe in a god as it is simply too dismissive of other's beliefs in a modern sense. I don't personally believe in a sort of divine punishment, it doesn't make sense in my brain. I believe that once you die, you simply lose all consciousness of your physical form and are unable to experience anything else. If there is in fact a real god, I can entertain the idea of a punitive afterlife as that is up to god themself. But I have no concrete belief in a divine figure so I can't bring myself to believe in such a thing.
4. How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
ReplyDeleteEpicurus dismissed the fear of punishment in the afterlife altogether, claiming that gods aren't really interested in their creation. I don't worry about a torturous afterlife either. I think hell is a human invention meant to increase church attendance and contribute to the power and influence of religious institutions.
AGAIN:
ReplyDeleteAll, after you notice that someone has already answered a factual question about the text (for example, that the stoics thought fear of death was based on faulty logic), there's no need to post that same answer a second or fourth or tenth time. Just post your thoughts about the stoics' view, if you have any. If not, move on to a different question.
How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
ReplyDeleteEpicurus thought divine punishment wasn't something to worry about at all, because the gods don't care for our personal affairs or what happens to us once we die so there is so point in worrying. There are many ways to look at this statement, one of which being if you are Christian and believe in the concept of hell and being punished for a life of sin. A Christian, along with several other religions with a concept of the afterlife and good deeds in this life affecting the next, would think of the afterlife as a goal to reach. A reward for good behavior. My personal opinion though, is that if one does good deeds purely because of the fear of punishment then how sincere are these acts and the goodness the person claims to have. I find that fearing what happens when we die or what doesn't happen can greatly poison the way we live our life. I think that we should live life the best we can without fear of something we cannot control, let alone even fully understand. Of course I still need to work on moments where I am afraid to die but that is part of being human. It's just important to live life to the fullest and not live in fear.
Q1. Who were the three great founders of American pragmatism?
ReplyDeleteA1. William James, Charles Sanders Peirce, and John Dewey
Q2. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
A2. The Stoics believed in accepting fate and maintaining inner peace regardless of external circumstances. Their core idea was that virtue (wisdom, courage, justice, and temperance) is the highest good and that one should not be controlled by emotions or external events. As for being stoical, I try to adopt some of their principles ie. staying calm under pressure and focusing on what I can control.
Q3. Which American founding father declared "I too am an Epicurean"?
A3. Thomas Jefferson
Q4. How is the modern meaning of "epicurean" different from Epicurus's? Do you consider yourself epicurean in either sense of the term?
A4. The modern meaning of "epicurean" typically refers to someone devoted to the pursuit of pleasure, particularly in the form of fine food and luxury. However, Epicurus himself advocated for a much simpler and more moderate life. I do appreciate Epicurus’s idea of seeking tranquility and simple pleasures rather than excessive indulgence. The modern sense of "epicurean" doesn’t seem to quite align with that, but I do enjoy good food and meaningful experiences without overindulgence.
Fantasyland:
ReplyDelete1. The people we call the American founders were what?
He highlights that many of the American founders were products of the Enlightenment but were also influenced by religious idealism and a spirit of utopian thinking. They combined rational, intellectual traditions with a belief in new beginnings and divine purpose.
2. Who was Jonathan Edwards, and how was he like Anne Hutchinson?
Jonathan Edwards was a key figure in the First Great Awakening, a revivalist preacher emphasizing intense personal religious experience. Like Anne Hutchinson, Edwards championed individual spirituality and direct connections to God, challenging the established authority of traditional clergy.
3. Who was John Wesley, and what did he demand of his followers?
John Wesley was the founder of Methodism. He emphasized disciplined religious practices, including frequent prayer, Bible study, and acts of charity. He demanded of his followers a focus on personal holiness and a methodical approach to faith, which resonated with the American emphasis on individual piety and self-discipline.
4. Who was George Whitefield, and what did he “implant” in American Christianity?
George Whitefield was an influential preacher during the Great Awakening. He “implanted” the idea of emotional and theatrical preaching, which became a hallmark of American evangelical Christianity. His style made religion more personal and emotionally engaging, fostering the rise of revivalism.
5. What did Thomas Jefferson tell his nephew?
In Fantasyland, Andersen notes that Thomas Jefferson, a product of Enlightenment rationality, advised his nephew to question everything, even the existence of God. This reflects Jefferson’s belief in reason and skepticism as essential tools for understanding truth.
6. What was Immanuel Kant’s “motto of Enlightenment”?
Immanuel Kant’s famous motto of the Enlightenment was Sapere aude! or “Dare to know!” It encapsulated the spirit of intellectual freedom, encouraging individuals to think for themselves and use reason as a guide.
1 What was Kepos? What did Voltaire say we should cultivate? What do you think that means, philosophically?
ReplyDeleteKepos was the school founded by Epicurus in his garden. Voltaire said “we should cultivate our garden”. I think it’s the idea that search for wisdom is akin to that of a garden and we the gardener. Our thoughts and ideas need to cared for and tended to, nurtured or pruned. The more we practice new gardening technique and become more experienced gardeners the more our gardens can flourish.
2 What inscription greeted visitors to Epicurus's compound? And Plato's Academy? Which would you personally find more inviting?
Epicurus’s compound was “Stranger, your time will be pleasant here. Here the highest good is pleasure.” While Plato’s was “Let no one ignorant of geometry enter here”. Definitely the former, Plato’s sounds way too elitist for me
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteThe fear of death comes from the physical action of dying. The suffering that comes with illness or the pain that comes with injuries is what we fear. Deep down we crave a peaceful death where we can no longer be hurt by the world. We should live without fear of this pain and avoid mental anguish.
This is Will Phillips
ReplyDelete5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
ReplyDeleteThe idea of the stoics revolved around focusing on what we can control and accept things out of our control. One should strive for inner peace and cultivate their inner strength. The stoics aimed to find a state of inner peace called "eudaemonia". I think it can be difficult to be stoic all the time. The world can be very stressful and its hard to manage your own inner soul.
Comment 1:
ReplyDeleteThe fear of death comes from how we view or past and present. His philosophy on how to live your life better was this, have a very simple lifestyle, be kind to those around you, and surround yourself with friends. I think everyone is afraid of death. I think it's a very human reaction and that there's nothing wrong with dearing it. As long as you don't let it control you.
I think that's a good view to have. Death can be scary, but there's so much in life that is good to you. Watching the movie Soul from Pixar really reminds me of the sentiment. Great movie by the way.
DeleteTroy R #6
Comment 2:
ReplyDeleteJames B. Stockdale, and yes I mostly do. I do think it's important to understand that our thoughts are up to us and I think it's a good way to help with viewing trauma and processing the feeling of not always being in control .
Sorry I got the names mixed up in my notes the philosopher was Ludwig Wittgenstein
DeleteThis is Lilian Michel, I am unable to access my Google account at the moment.
ReplyDelete1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
The philosopher Epicurus believed the fear of death was unnecessary, going so far as to call it a “waste of time.” He considered it to be based in what he referred to as bad logic. Epicurus felt it was better to acknowledge and ponder your own demise as philosophizing is what brings a person happiness.
When I was a child, I was terrified of the concept of living forever. I would be standing in the church pew, singing a hymn, while crisis unfolded in my mind. How could I exist forever? What would I do? It all felt so overwhelming. As I have gotten older and less religious, it doesn’t scare me quite as much. Pain and illness scare me but not necessarily death. That said, the death of a loved one is much more terrifying to me, it always has been. As a child, I would contemplate in great detail what I would do or how I would cope if I lost my mom. Loosing a loved one feels so out of your control and I can’t help but worry. To combat this, I try to cherish the time I do have and encourage my friends and family to take care of their well being.
McKinsley Slicker section 005
ReplyDeleteIs it easier for you not to get "worked up" about small things you can't change (like the weather, or bad drivers) or large things (like presidential malfeasance and terrorist atrocites)? Should you be equally calm in the face of both?
For me personally I tend to over focus on things that are very important. I think it is my way of ignoring the important things I should be focusing on. I would say that some days one bad driver makes me feel like the world might end, but only for a couple minutes. However I do tend to stress political or social matters due to being in the country that most of them take place in. I do think that a completely mature human should not stress about either do to the fact it is out of their control.
What do you think of when you hear the word "therapy"? Do you think philosophers can be good therapists?
When I think of therapy, I think of someone who helps you navigate through life in a calm manner. I do think that a philosopher can help guide someone's actions, but probably not to the extent a therapist could, because they are specifically trained to help brains navigate life.
LHP 5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
The Stoics' basic idea was essentially, living in harmony with nature regardless of external circumstances; in essence, their aim was to cultivate a resilient mindset by focusing on what you can control and not letting external factors dictate your happiness. In my own life I think that if I could apply this method it would be useful, however I have a very hard time of just letting this happen.
Epicurus's view is that the fear of death is based on bad logic, and that the best way to live is to live simply. He saw the importance of treating others with kindness and spending time with others that you love. Personally, I am very afraid of death. Logically, I shouldn't be, because my beliefs as a Christian tell me that my soul will live on eternally after death, but I cannot help but fear for the physical sensation that will occur during the event itself. I am dreading the thought and prefer to just ignore it entirely so that I don't get upset about it.
ReplyDeleteThe modern meaning of "epicurean" is quite different from that of Epicurus in the sense that today, this word is used to denote living for physical pleasures, such as luxury and sensual things, while Epicurus's definition more closely related to that of the word "simplicity" because he valued living simply without grand things or experiences. For the modern sense of the word, I do not consider myself to be "epicurean". I don't care for luxury clothes or brands, I pay little mind to more "fine" foods, and I abstain from engaging in sensual pleasures, as the word entails. However, I reckon that I may be considered "epicurean" in the more traditional sense, meaning to live simply. I'm not entirely one or the other.
ReplyDeleteEpicurus's response to the idea of divine punishment was that we should not worry about something that does not worry about us. In other words, he believed that if any gods were to exist, they are impersonal and do not get involved with their creation. I personally do take the idea of punishment in the afterlife seriously because while this life is short, eternity is a long, long time that I feel our minds just cannot yet comprehend. I don't want to make the wrong choice and be stuck in suffering for all of existence. When I became a Christian at 17, I did so because I found Christianity to make the most sense as opposed to the other religions I had looked at, and now I hold the belief that I will not have to suffer any punishment after I die due to my belief and baptismal resurrection in Jesus Christ and His sacrifice. I also believe it is important to fear God, not in the sense of being literally afraid and in actual fear-- I mean this word with the notion of "reverence". Since God is all powerful and omniscient, would it not be logical to revere Him? He can do all things, and He created everything, so why wouldn't we? I don't mean to sound like an ultra-religious nutcase, and I actually do have other aspects of my personality aside from my Christian faith, though it's all I seem to talk about on this forum. I just talk about it a lot because the nature of these questions does relate to religion in a way, so why wouldn't I be honest and straightforward about my belief?
ReplyDelete1) According to Epicurus the fear of death is based on the misconception that it is painful and the best way to live is by seeking pleasure and avoiding pain. I'm not afraid of death because of the pain, I'm afraid of death because of what might lie ahead. I'm not afraid of losing someone more than death. However, I would hate to live when someone i cherish is dead.
ReplyDelete2) Epicurus believed that he could disprove the possibility of the soul's survival after death. I believe that the risk of gambling the existence of divine punishment is far greater than there not being one so yes i do believe in the hereafter even if there might not be one. The risk is simply higher on the other side and I still have nothing to loose.
3) The three great founders of pragmatism are Charles Sanders, William James, and John Dewey.
Section 005
ReplyDelete1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
Personally, I agree with Epicurus that we should not fear death for death is the only certainty in life. So, we should spend our time in a much more fulfilling way, living life. I am afraid of death, but I would defiantly say it is much more frighten losing loved ones on the way
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what. Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteHe argues that the fear of death is based on irrational beliefs. He believed that death is nothing to us, because when we exist death is not present and when death is present we do not exist, so it is no need to fear it. we should live life making the most of what is already given ataraxia .
I’m not afraid of dying, I believe in Gods will over my own so whenever that is, I have peace knowing I will be absent from the body and be present with the Lord.
2. How is the modern meaning of "epicurean" different from Epicurus's? Do you consider yourself epicurean in either sense of the term?
the modern meaning of epicurean is to indulge in fine food and luxury whereas Epicurus promoted simple living and minimal desires. I would say I identify more with simple living, and enjoying life’s pleasures
2. What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
death is not an event of life, I agree fearing death is unproductive because we have to all die one day. We will not get to experience death it will just be death.
3. How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
He rejected the idea of divine punishment In the afterlife, believing gods, if they exist. He argued that there is no eternal punishment. I do not agree with it, I do believe there is eternal punishment that humans subject themselves to, by having a belief that we are all here on our own accord. God is a loving God, so people have time.
5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
They believed that virtue and rationality lead to a good life and aiming for inner peace by not worrying about what we cannot control. I try to rest I am Gods will and what he has planned for my life what I cannot control or for what I have to take lessons or consequences.
6. Why did Cicero think we should not worry about dying? Is his approach less or more worrisome than the Epicureans'?
He believed we should not worry about dying because death is natural. They both offer comfort to each other saying that either way death is inevitable so, its no use in worrying about it.
7. Why didn't Seneca consider life too short? Do you think you make efficient use of your time? How do you think you could do better?
He believes that people waste majority of their time, he believes we have trivial concerns that are a waste of time, we should have self-improvement, and meaningful results .
8. What does the author say might be the cost of stoicism? Is it possible to be stoical but also appropriately compassionate, caring, sensitive to others' suffering, etc.?
The cost might be emotional detachment or insensitivity. But its possible to be both stoical and still have a compassionate nature and be emotionally aware.
You have a lot of great replies to the questions presented! I don't have much to say about most of them, cept for 7. I think it sums Seneca's ideals well, but personally, I think his views are pessimistic as hell. Just because you aren't doing anything doesn't mean you're wasting life. You can be simply enjoying day to day life.
DeleteTroy #6
Section #005
ReplyDelete1. Epicurus believed that the fear of death was based on bad logic, and could be overcome by a fixed mindset. The best way to live life according to Epicurus is through a simple life. He explained how setting your focus on simple and attainable desires would make it easier for someone to receive satisfaction in their life. I am afraid of death due to the uncertainty of what lies beyond it, however I would say I am more afraid of losing those close to me because it is an eerie feeling to not have presence of one you were so close to completely gone.
3. Twentieth-century philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein shared the same ideals as Epicurus towards death. I agree with their viewpoints on death because the whole idea of living is taking in moments and experience the world and death is the end of that.
5. The basic idea of the Stoics' was that their worries should only be put upon what can be controlled. Their aim was a calm state of mind. I am normally stoical through my daily life, as I have learned that stress stems from putting focus on aspects of life that I do not have the ability to change. The power of acceptance has played a large role of removing that stress and so has making the most of the uncontrollable situations.
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on your belief on what happens after death. He believes that if you belief in nonexistence after death, it should push you to live a more fulfilling and successful life. When I was younger, I was afraid of death but as my understanding of my Christian faith deepened, I became less frightened by it. I am more afraid of losing others because of the pain that I would have to endure.
ReplyDelete2. The modern meaning is more hedonistic in which indulging in sensual pleasures is maximized as compared to the older definition which encourages moderate to little consumption of pleasures.
3. Ludwig Wittgenstein shared Epicurus' view that death is something we will not experience because by their definition, it is the end of all our conscious experience. As a theist, I reject this view because I do believe in a conscious afterlife.
4. He did not believe in divine punishment because, in his view, the Greek gods did partake in the world's activities and do not involve themselves with creation. As a Christian, however, I do take the idea of divine punishment seriously because I do believe that God will judge us all.
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteFear of death is based on bad logic, and he believed that death made living more intense. He believed in filling life with happiness and not looming over death is the best way to live. I am fearful of dying but accepting of it. I am more afraid of losing loved ones and others that are close to me.
2. How is the modern meaning of "epicurean" different from Epicurus's? Do you consider yourself epicurean in either sense of the term?
The modern meaning of the word has a more extravagant and luxurious implication where Epicurus’s teachings were to be moderate and not too greedy. I believe I’m a mix of both.
3. What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
Ludwig Wittgenstein echoed Epicurus’s attitude towards death, and I agree with his view.
4. How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
Epicurus had an approach to the thought of the afterlife by explaining that we consist of atoms and once the atoms come apart, we are simply no more.
5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
the Stoic’s basic idea was that we should only worry about the things we can change. Their aim was for a calm state of mind. I wouldn’t consider myself generally stoical in life.
6. Why did Cicero think we shouldn't worry about dying? Is his approach less or more worrisome than the Epicureans'?
Cicero believed that the soul lived on forever and people need to accept the process of getting older. I think Cicero’s approach can leave some more worrisome because it leaves room for more unanswered questions where Epicurean’s has a definitive ending
7. Why didn't Seneca consider life too short? Do you think you make efficient use of your time? How do you think you could do better?
Seneca didn’t focus on the time of life, but how people chose to spend their time. He felt like we should make the most out of life. I think I’ve made pretty efficient use of my time, but I should stop procrastinating.
8. What does the author say might be the cost of stoicism? Is it possible to be stoical but also appropriately compassionate, caring, sensitive to others' suffering, etc.?
The author says that the cost of Stoicism is your control of emotions and makes you less human. I believe that it’s not completely impossible, but I think it would be very difficult to be stoical but also have compassion for others
Troy Ren #6
ReplyDeleteBefore I write, most people here seem to have a lot to say; I wish I can say the same, but better something than nothing.
Have you experienced the death of someone close to you? How did you handle it?
I was closer to my great-grandma when I was younger, she took care of me when my parents were at work. I didn't like her very since she would yell and hit me, but she had died recently last year. I didn't really feel anything about it. My dad went back to China to attend her family, but me and the rest of my intermediate family stayed in America. I partially felt happy, but that's a bit morbid to say. I hope she rests well, despite what she did to me.
Do you care about the lives of those who will survive you, after you've died?
More stuff of when I was younger, I had horrible mindset that I didn't care what happened after I die. These days though, I wish to have closure with those dear to me before I go. I hope they don't get bogged by my passing and move on to thrive.
According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteAccording to Epicurus, the fear of death is a waste of time and based solely on bad logic. He believed that a life spent dwelling on death was a life wasted and to live a full life focusing on the now. I personally agree with this mindset, since while I have pondered my own death plenty of times, I feel that worrying about something destine to happen at the end of my life is a waste. Instead of worrying about my life I place a higher value on the lives and quality of life of those around me, and I am more worried about the safety and survival of my friends than I could ever be about myself.
Can a world exist in which politics and ethics are hand in hand?
I ask this question due to the state of the world, historical events, and my personal reading of The Art of Power. Ever since the first idea of a government, the idea was to protect and serve the people, which has been a claim made by those who want to obtain power; however, for those who want that kind of power it is almost impossible to obtain influence without sacrificing the good of someone. I feel that in a perfect world someone could come to power and be considered an ethical leader, but time and time again people of every nation have elected radical minds that they believe would be their “savior” which has led to people electing people who have done things ranging to absolutely nothing, to fighting to eliminate an entire race of people for “The betterment of the nation.” Another issue that comes to mind when thinking about ethics and politics is the definition of ethics varies from person to person. For a government to truly be ethical it would have to be a nation of like-minded people, which is a double-edged sword since for nations that are like minded, there is a greater chance of sacrificing morals since what would be great for their nation could harm other nations and groups around them. So for a short answer, No it could not exist.
1. Epicurus believed that the fear of death was based on bad logic and it was a waste of time. The best way to live, was to not think of death as an experience and to focus on life currently. Lowering your standards and expectations would mean you would not give in to higher temptations or desires for things you cannot reach or achieve. I have always been afraid of death, but looking at it from another perspective like Epicurus did, makes me realize that it doesn't have to be frightening. I would say I am more afraid of losing people however. Its always in the back of my mind as a constant reminder that one day they're going to be gone.
ReplyDelete2. The modern definition of epicurean, is someone who gives in to temptation, luxuries, desires, pleasure, and things of the sort. On the other hand, Epicurus did not do such things nor believe in living a life like that. He believed in simpler life styles that strayed away from things like that.
7. Seneca did not believe that life was too short because people waste their time and that's why it feels short to them. He believes that even if they have much more time, it would still feel as if it was too short because they did not make use of the time they had efficiently. I don't think I make good use of my time either. To be more efficient, I could start off by being more productive and working on things I should have started from a while ago.
2. The modern term of Epicurean is actually quite the opposite of Epicurus’s. The term now means someone who lives lavishly, giving into their cravings and urges. Epicurus taught the alternative, which is to live simply. I dont consider myself Epicrean in either sense of the term.
ReplyDelete5. The stoics basic idea was that we shouldnt allow things we cant change to control us. Their aim was to maintain a steady head through the adversities in life. I am absolutely not stoic, as I demonstrated by crying in your class.
8. The author says the cost of stoicism might be coldness but I think that it is entirely possible to remain stoic and still have compassion for others.
Have you experienced the death of someone close to you? How did you handle it?
ReplyDeleteA couple years ago, I lost my grandfather to cancer. It was very difficult, my family lives close, it was losing a staple in our family. I took the time I needed away from high school & took the time to grieve with my family. Taking the time to spend with my family & grieve together, I believe, is the reason I was able to heal. As a religious family, we were also blessed that he accepted Christ weeks before his death, knowing he was at peace & no longer in pain made the whole process easier.
How do you know, or decide, which things you can change & which you can’t?
I really like this question. I am the one thing in my life that I can change &/or control. When it comes to me, I can change it. When it comes to others, I cannot.
What do you think of when you hear the word "therapy"? When I hear the word therapy I think of a psychological approach to emotional healing & growth.
Do you think philosophers can be good therapists? I think they could be depending on their approach & beliefs. I believe that all therapists are philosophers but not all philosophers could be therapists. The way you look & think about life & the things of & not of this world will play a part depending on your client & what you are working on.
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteHe believed that the fear of death was based on bad logic, and that you can't live properly if you dwell on the subject of death. I'm not afraid of death necessarily, but rather the way I'll die. I hope to die a normal, painless death. I am more afraid of losing others than I am of my own death.
5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
The Stoics' basic idea was that you shouldn't worry about things out of your control, and in doing so you may achieve inner peace. I don't think im stoical just because I worry about things that dont even have anything to do with me. I worry about things in my control as well as out of my control, because either way I'll be effected.
Have you experienced the death of someone close to you? How did you handle it?
I experienced the death of my grandfather. I've never known how to deal with death. Granted, I was only 9-10 at the time, there wasn't anything I could do and as a kid you don't really understand what death really means. Even now I don't know how to react when someone close to me dies. I don't like crying infront of people, but I don't want them to think I dont care that this person just died. I mostly just try to comfort other people.
I think my perception of death today at the age of 19 will probably very different from my perception of death when I will be 70 (i.e. if I live that long). I often have discussions, which tend to turn into arguments, with my grandparents about death, and even though they do not agree that they fear death, a sense of fear of the unknown lingers in the air. I personally do not fear death- but that said- I will always strive to live.
ReplyDeleteLife, according to me, is as precious to me as it is to an ant, or a chicken, or a grasshopper. Striving to live and survive is the nature of life, and death the inevitable closure. I don't think there is any sense in fearing the inevitable- death is a part of life- in fact the greatest part of life!
According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDeleteEpicurus felt that the fear of death was based on flawed logic - the belief that our souls continue to exist after bodily death. Epicurus believed that the best way to live was to have a simple, pleasurable life in which you are satisfied with what is attainable to you. Epicurus did not believe in living life constantly wanting something more. Personally, I do fear that the process of dying will be painful and I don’t think that Epicurus’ idea that reminiscing will help to ease the discomfort very much. However, I feel that it is sometimes more difficult to lose others. Though they may leave lasting impacts on your life, losing someone’s presence is hard to adjust to and accept when it is so final.
What famous 20th century philosopher echoed Epicurus's attitude towards death? Do you agree with him?
Ludwig Wittgenstein echoed Epicurus’ belief that death should not be feared since we are unable to actually experience or feel it. I’m not sure I agree with this. As stated before, I fear the process of death and the effects my death will have on those close to me. So, it is hard to detach any sense of dread connected to leaving loved ones and the experience of life. However, I think that as I grow older and accomplish more in life, I might become more contented with the idea of death .
Why did Cicero think we shouldn't worry about dying? Is his approach less or more worrisome than the Epicureans'?
Cicero thought that we shouldn’t worry about dying because the soul lives forever, even after physical death. I think that his approach is more worrisome than Epicureans because there is no opportunity for relief. If the soul lives forever, it may be forever troubled. However, I do see the appeal of Cicero’s approach, as it avoids the finality of death.
5. What was the Stoics' basic idea, and what was their aim? Are you generally stoical in life?
ReplyDelete* The basic idea is that we are the ones responsible for how we emotionally respond. They also believed that we should remove that emotional response all together. I do not believe I am stoical in life due to me being very expressive with my emotions. I used to describe myself as very emotional, but now I understand it more as my natural response in situations that are overwhelming. I think it is a good thing to have these responses.
4. How did Epicurus respond to the idea of divine punishment in the afterlife? Is the hypothesis of a punitive and torturous afterlife something you take seriously, as a real possibility? Why or why not?
ReplyDelete* He said that God or “the gods” were not involved in our creation. Thus, they are separate from us and would not bother us after we die. I personally do not agree, as I believe that God created everything, including us. I also believe that if we do choose to be separate from God, which is what hell is, then there will be form of punishment. That punishment would be the separation from God and His joy and glory.
1. According to Epicurus, fear of death is based on what, and the best way to live is what? Are (or were) you afraid of death, or of dying? Are you more afraid of losing others?
ReplyDelete* He argued that the “fear of death” was actually based on bad logic. He believed that people should seek out the more simple type of lifestyle. In my personal life, I do not fear death. I am a Christian, and I know that if I seek out a relationship with Christ and do what God has called me to do, then I will be in Heaven with Him. I think me fear of losing others stems from the worry that they might not be in Heaven for eternity with me. I worry that if they didn’t have a true relationship with Christ, I won’t get to share eternal glory with them.