Kant, Bentham, Hegel, Schopenhauer-LH 19-23. FL 19-20, HWT 20-22....
#6 Derek-Kant, Daelin-Bentham, Andrew-Hegel; Autumn S-Schopenhauer; #7 Charlcie-Kant, Elijah-Hegel, Carter-HWT; #10 Connor-Kant
LH
1. Kant said we can know the ____ but not the ____ world. Can we?
2. What was Kant's great insight? Is this a credible form of "armchair philosophy"? Or does it also depend on experience?
3. What, according to Kant, is irrelevant to morality? Is it really?
4. Kant said you should never ___, because ___. Kant called the principle that supports this view the ____ _____. Have you ever violated this principle? If so, do you regret it?
5. Who formulated the Greatest Happiness principle? What did he call his method? Where can you find him today? If everyone followed this principle would it be a better world?
6. Who created a thought experiment that seems to refute Bentham's view of how pleasure relates to human motivation? Would you opt for the machine? Why or why not?
7. What did Hegel mean when he spoke of the "owl of Minerva"? What did he think had been reached in his lifetime? What would Socrates say about that?
8. What Kantian view did Hegel reject? What would Kant say?
9. What is Geist? When did Hegel say it achieved self-knowledge? Does this seem supernatural and mystical to you, or could it be naturalistic?
10. What "blind driving force" did Schopenhauer allege to pervade absolutely everything (including us)? Could anyone really know that?
11. What did Schopenhauer say could help us escape the cycle of striving and desire? Is that the only way? Is that cycle really universal?
HWT
1. What one word most characterizes the ideal Chinese way of life?
2. Western suspicion of hierarchy is built on what?
3. What did the late Archbishop Tutu say was "the greatest good"?
4. What omission in western ethics would seem bizarre to the classical Chinese thinkers?
5. What is the most famous Confucian maxim?
6. Virtue is never solitary, said Confucius, it always has ____.
FL
1. How, according to Scientific American in 1915, are motion pictures like drugs?
2. What came into existence simultaneously with America and created the concept of celebrity?
3. What place did film critic Pauline Kael call a "fantasy-brothel"?
Emma Essary section 6
ReplyDeleteKant said we can know the ____ but not the ____ world. Can we?
natural, observable world; “supersensible” objects such as God and the soul). I believe that we can, some experiences I have had personally are not logically explainable.
Emma Essary section 6
ReplyDeleteKant said you should never ___, because ___. Kant called the principle that supports this view the ____ _____. Lie;it is morally wrong. He called this view categorical imperative. I have violated it many times, and I have regretted it many times as well.
Nicholas Schionning
ReplyDeleteLH1: Kant said we can know the physical, observable wrold but nothing beyond it. I think this is mostly true.
LH3: Sympathy. I don't think that's really irrelavent to morality, because if we look at the scenario with an imagined lack of sympathy, we would only choose what's beneficial to us.
LH6: Robert Nozick. I wouldn't opt for the machine, because it'd be meaningless due to none of it being truly real.
Lh 1. Kant said we can know the ____ but not the ____ world. Can we?
ReplyDeleteKant says we know the physical world but nothing further. As far as nothing further, I think of God as he is not physically in our world. However, I believe in God and have faith in his existence, so I suppose I disagree with this statement if I am looking at it from the correct angle.
LH 4 Kant says you should never lie because it is morally wrong. He called this principle categorical imperative. I have violated this principle before and am always ashamed of it after.
Felopater Melika #7
ReplyDeleteLH
1- world, noumenal. we can if we try to see things from more than one point of view.
2- that we are born with prior innate knowledge and this is not an armchair philosophy as his background highly influenced his conclusions.
3-
4- lie, because it's morally wrong and shouldn't make a case to lie when suite, absolute duty, yes, no.
5- jeremy bentham, Utilitarianism, he is a historical figure now, no the world world will mean nothing and people will figure out ways to struggle because happiness and pleasure mean nothing without pain and suffering just like how light can't exist without darkness.
6- robert nozick, no i wouldn't opt in a machine that stimulates my brain to max pleasure because i like pain and suffering more, that's what gives meaning to my life not max amount of pleasure.
7- the owl of Minerva is a symbol of wisdom that takes flight only at dusk, that he had reached a point in his lifetime where he could understand the fundamental principles of human history and the evolution of human thought, socrates would be skeptical about it because he believed we don't know anything.
8- Hegel rejected Kant's view that knowledge is limited to what can be experienced through the senses and understood through reason. Hegel believed that the mind and its concepts play an active role in shaping reality, and that our understanding of the world is not limited to sensory experience, kang would say that Hegel's rejection of the limits of human knowledge and the distinction between the phenomenal and noumenal worlds is an overextension of human reason beyond its proper bounds.
9- a German term that can be translated as "spirit" or "mind." In Hegel's philosophy, Geist is a concept that refers to the collective consciousness or spirit of a particular society or culture. It is the force that drives historical development and shapes the world around us. no it's not supernatural.
10- will to life, possibly through introspection.
11- through the practice of asceticism, which involves a rejection of desire and the pursuit of a simple, contemplative life, and no the cycle isn't universal.
HWT
1- harmony
2- individualism
3- the principle of Ubuntu.
4- that Western ethics does not place as much emphasis on the role of relationships in moral decision-making.
5- the Golden Rule
6- it always has neighbors. This means that ethical behavior is always situated within a social context and is closely tied to our relationships with others.
Hayden Dalton Section #7
ReplyDeleteHWT
1. Their ideal way of life is described in one word by Harmony.
5. The Golden Rule was the most famous confucian maxum.
LH
4. Kant says you should never lie because it is morally wrong. This principle is known as categorical imperative. I've broken this principle in my life many times, I have no regrets and believe there is a time and place to lie.
3. What, according to Kant, is irrelevant to morality? Is it really?
ReplyDeleteYour sympathy is irrelevant to morality. This is because if you do something to help someone because you feel bad for them, it isn’t a positive moral action anymore. The “why” for your action plays a large role in your morality.
Like when I’m holding the door open for a guy my age out of courtesy, the guy usually switches places with me and lets me walk in first. They won’t allow me to hold the door open for them. Sometimes, they aren’t doing it because they are being kind and helpful, it is because they think less manly of themselves if they let a woman hold the door open for them. Now, we had to do this awkward dance to switch places and it completely negates the point of the efficiency of me keeping the door open for you in the first place. But at least you feel good about yourself, I guess.
LH
ReplyDelete3. What, according to Kant, is irrelevant to morality? Is it really? According to Kant, emotions are irrelevant to morality. Kant believed that if someone did a good act based on their feelings alone it was not as moral as someone who would the same because they believed it was their duty to do so. I can understand Kant's perspective in certain circumstances.
4. Kant said you should never ___, because ___. Kant called the principle that supports this view the ____ _____. Have you ever violated this principle? If so, do you regret it? Kant said you should never lie because we should think of what would happen if we all did and if it's not right for everyone it shouldn't be right for one individual. Kant called the absolute duty to tell the truth a Categorical Imperative. I've violated this principle in my life and there were times I regretted it but also times I didn't.
5. Who formulated the Greatest Happiness principle? What did he call his method? Where can you find him today? If everyone followed this principle would it be a better world? Jeremy Bentham formulated the Greatest Happiness principle that stated the right action to take was always the one that generated the most happiness, he named his method for calculating happiness the Felicific Calculus. His body today is in a glass case in University College London. I'm not sure if the world would be better if everyone followed this principle, I think everyone has a different idea of what happiness is and they could interfere with each other.
6. Who created a thought experiment that seems to refute Bentham's view of how pleasure relates to human motivation? Would you opt for the machine? Why or why not? Robert Nozick refuted Bentham's ideas of how pleasure relates to human motivation by creating a thought experiment that stated if humans had access to a virtual reality machine that allowed them to experience the world without the risk of pain and suffering, that most people wouldn't choose to live out their entire lives in the machine because and proving that there are more important factors in life than pleasure. Personally, I also think I would not want to spend all my time in the same machine if I had the opportunity, I think because people also get motivated by overcoming obstacles in life and to take the obstacles away would make life shallow.
What "blind driving force" did Schopenhauer allege to pervade absolutely everything (including us)? Could anyone really know that?
ReplyDeleteWill is the blind driving force behind everything. I think its reasonable to draw the conclusion that Will dives living things. For instance, of course we have the Will to survive and live and grow. But I don’t if that same concept can be extended to objects and concepts that we don’t have reason to believe have a conscience or survival need. How can we know that the reason crystals form the way they do because of their Will? Or than Will is behind magnetism?
Jordan Martin007
ReplyDelete5. Who formulated the Greatest Happiness principle? What did he call his method? Where can you find him today? If everyone followed this principle would it be a better world?
Jeremy Bentham formulated this principle, and called his method Utilitarianism. You can find Bentham's embalmed body in a glass case at the University College London. I think if everyone followed this principle the world wouldn't necessarily be better, especially if someone wants honesty and you lie because you think it will make them happy.
Luka Howard (7)
ReplyDeleteLH
1 Kant said we can know the observable but not the supernatural world. Can we?
I feel like can observe the supernatural, but we are not able to perceive them since they are not natural.
section 007,
ReplyDeleteLHP Q1. → Kant said we can know the phenomenal things of the world, but not the noumenal world. Can we? I do believe we can see the world through our senses, but I also believe we have the capacity to see some of the noumenal, through our spirit and inner being.
LHP Q3. → Kant believes that sympathy is irrelevent to reality, citing that you act on your morals without regard to how you feel in the moment. Although I believe that our morality isn’t based on our emotions, I do believe our emotions can be used to act morally in a given situation. In the hypothetical at the beginning of chapter 20, the moral decision isn’t only getting help for the person bleeding, but it is acting quickly in getting help, something that I believe is heavily aided by the emotions of the person helping out the victim.
LHP Q8. → Hegel rejected Kant’s view that noumenal reality lies beyond the phenomenal world, saying that the mind shaping reality just “is” reality. Kant would probably say that hegel the mind is apart of the phenomenal world and gives us access to our senses.